cd
I have made the Indian history ‘panoramic view’ for today’s computer
enabled generation in an abridged manner just to create interest in the reader.
More information and knowledge could be gathered from other sources. I think Gen Next should go through this small
document in their spare time. At a glance it gives the panoramic view about our
history.
ba
MOURYAN EMPIRE IN 300 BC
.jpg)
MAP COURTESY: WIKIPEDIA
Year
|
History
|
327 BC
|
Alexander invaded Bharatvarsh. At that time Puru
(Pourous), and other Aryavarta Kings resisted him. There
were no nations by name England, France, Germany. Only Aryavarta, China,
Greek nations, Saxo German were existing. Alexander (Son of Phillip) could go
upto Vyas (Beas) river after crossing Sindhu (Indus) river.
|
325 BC
|
Alexander went back to Iran.
|
323 BC
|
Death of
Alexander.
|
321 BC
|
Chandragupta Maurya became ruler, with Chanakya united whole of
Bharat into a big strong progressive Bharatvarsha. He was son of Mura and Dhananand (king of Magadh). Mura was
from Shakya tribe. Following Hindu Kings fought with Alexander - Saubhuti and
Kath near Panchnad (Punjab), while going back Malav, Magasa, Agrashreni and Shudra
and Pouras (got defeated by Alexander).
|
315 BC
|
Selucus
invaded Bharat. That time Chandragupta and Chanakya had unified North India
and defeated Selucus.
|
298 BC
|
Death of
Chandragupta.
|
298 BC
|
Bindusar
son of Chandragupta unified Bharat under him. Even most of South India.
|
273 BC
|
Death of
Bindusar.
|
273 BC
|
Ashoka
Son of Bindusar, kept most of the Bharatvarsh under his rule as a unified
nation. Later part of his life he turned Budhist and devoted his entire life
as a Budhist and propagating Budhist religion. He
propagated Buddhist religion on Vedic religion by force. Made India
vulnerable because of his extreme Ahimsa (अहिंसा) principles.
|
232 BC
|
Death of Ashoka.
|
222 BC
|
Damatrius
of Bactria, invades Bharatvarsha. That time most of North India was under the
influence of Budhists and could not resist the invader. King Khargole of
Kalinga kingdom (Odissa) fights. He is not from Budhist school of thought and
knew the limits of Ahimsa.
|
215 BC
|
Miniander
near Kamboj (in Persia now in Iran) invades
India. Very less resistance by Budhist kings.
|
184 BC
|
Pushyamitra,
a soldier from Bruhadrath Mourya army, he took away
kingdom from Bruhadrath who was ineffective. Unifies the country, builds
Bharatvarsh and drives the Greek out, dies in 149 BC.
|
20 BC -50 AD
|
Shak
tribe invades Greeks and Balhic nations. Many Greeks come to Bharatvarsha now
for protection and remain here by becoming Hindus and Bhudsists.
|
70 AD
|
Andhra (Satavahanas) and Malav from Madhyabharat gave fitting
reply. They went till Gujrat and Rajasthan and freed that area from Shaks.
Malavs killed Shaks and their king Nahapan! Bharatvarsh fought for 100 yrs.
Rest of India was more or less under Budha dharma and was not in position to
give a fitting reply because of extreme Ahimsak principles. On the
victory a new Samvat was created and called as Vikram samvat or Shak (but it
is a grey area – whether this is Vikram Shak or later when Vikramaditya
fought with Kushans). The Shalivahana
era, also known as the Saka era, is used with Hindu calendars, the Indian
national calendar, and the Cambodian Buddhist calendar. Its year zero begins
near the vernal equinox of the year 78 [from Wikipedia - Thanks]. Western
Kshatrapas (35–405 BC) were Saka rulers of the western part of India
(Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Southern Sindh, Maharashtra,
Rajasthan). They were successors to the Indo-Scythians who invaded the area
of Ujjain and established the Saka era (with Saka calendar), marking the
beginning of the long-lived Saka Western Satraps kingdom.
The Satavahana king (the king titled as Shalivahana is
Gautamiputra Satakarni) is credited with the initiation of the era known as
Shalivahana Saka to celebrate his victory against the Sakas in the year 78 AD.
Prior to this, in 56 BC Vikrama Samvat era was founded by the emperor
Vikramaditya of Ujjain in a similar fashion following his victory over the
Sakas.
|
80 AD - 120 AD
|
Kushans, Vima Kadphisis and Kanishk (Kushan King) invades Bharat
When Kanishk invaded Bharat, he conquered Gujrat, /Rajasthan and came to
Narmada but in South Satavahanas. The dynasty of Satavahanas lasted for
around 450 years and was too strong so Kanishka went towards Himalaya, where
he was attacked by China. Kanishk defeated Chinese army and took Chaskand,
Khotan and Kashgar. Kanishk becomes Budhist later his empire comes to an end.
|
300 BC
|
Samudragupt and then Chandragupta (Gupta Dynasty) who was later
named as Vikramaditya fights Kushans. Kushans were finished and Vikramaditya also
defeated remains of Shakas by defeating Shak king Rudrasen from Gujrat,
Sindh, Kathiyawad and established almost free Bharat again. He called himself
Vikramaditya and started a Samvat called Vikramaditya (?). Around 350 BC Shalivahan
Dynasty ended.
|
450 AD – 550 AD
|
Hoon tribe
from Central Asia invades. Kumargupta and then Skandagupta resist the
invasion. First invasion was defeated. In second
invasion Skandagupta dies, and Hoon's Mihirgul comes upto Ujjaini.
Yashodharma a Marshal from Gupt dynasty takes over the reins and waged war by
unifying all Hindu kings and defeats Mihirgul king of Hoon. This became the
end of Hoon invasion. Hindu empire again enlarged upto Khotan, Afghanistan,
Kashmir, Gilgit and towards north east. Some Hoons which remaind in Bharat
lost their identity and became Hindus. The Gurjar clan from Haryana are said
to be the Hoons who got assimilated in this nation.
|
570 AD
|
Birth of Muhammad Prophet. Arabs, Mongal, Turq tribes were there
earlier but still did not become Musalman. Around 500 AD - 600 AD, in Bengal,
Dynasties of Pal, Sen, and Burman mushroom.
|
711 AD
|
Muhamad
Kasim Invades Bharat. Muhamad Kasim defeated King
Dahir, a Hindu king near Panchnad (Punjab / Sindh). As usual Buddhist were
not there on the scene, either they became Muslims or simply vanished to
other countries. These mass conversions of Buddhist (or rather mass embracing
of Muslim religion by Budhist because of fear) is the reason for the decline
of Budhism from India. Although this religion started in Bharatvarsha, it
became a minority religion here. Many Buddhists in East Bengal became Muslims
as a result of fear. That is why we see Muslim concentration in East Bengal
(later Bangladesh!). Many Buddhists from Bihar (Vihar) went towards eastern
countries and populated them.
|
700 AD- 1000 AD
|
In these
years Muslims invaded other countries. Gibraltar,
North Africa, Portugal, Spain, South France. Many nations such as Egypt, was
converted to Muslim countries i.e. their identity was lost forever. Till that
time Muslim invasion in Bharat was limited to Sindh where kings like Jaypal
and later his son Anangpal kept fighting Muslims although they lost many
times they did not surrender. AFTER
MUHAMAD KASIM, BHARAT ENJOYED 300 YRS OF HINDU RULE. In South India, Pallavas ruled.
Kanchipuram was their capital. They were defeated by Choules and then
Rashtrakut dynasty started. Rashtrakut took Gujrath, Madhya Bharat (Verul and
Kailas caves in Maharashtra are from this period - around 900 AD).
Shankaracharya in 750 AD (from Kaladi) from Kerala, changed the course of
Hindu dharma and tried to re- galvanise it.
To be continued................. |
No comments:
Post a Comment